The literature shows that a range of pore sizes is effective. However, there appears to be a “Goldilocks Zone” for bone ingrowth centered around the 600µm range.
Surfaces
Titanium has long been known to be a good surface for bone ongrowth.
Osteoblasts are able to adhere to the surface, having a “flattened” (good) appearance under microscopic examination.
The more surface area that is available, the more robust the bone ongrowth appears to be.
Pores (and roughness) both increase available surface area.
Multiple pore diameters, centered on the “Goldilocks Zone”
Graft Volume
All the metal that is needed, but none that is not.
Graft chambers are “scooped out” to maximize the bone graft.
Integrated “lips” help retain graft during insertion.
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